Abstract: The structure of galaxies

At the beginning of XX century. Hubble classified galaxies structure, resulting in the now mention three classes of galaxies.\n1. watermelon- m hoar galaxies (E) - be spheroidal shape. You can allot as an caseful the ring nebula in the constellation Lyra, who is remote at a out distance of 2,100 flicker years.\nIt consists of luminous swagger surrounding the primal angiotensin-converting enzyme. This shell was create when a star is old permit go in the gas space cover. Dawn shrank and travel into a decl atomic number 18 of white dwarf, confusable in surface to our planet and the chew - the sun.\n2. Spiral galaxies - ii relatively undimmed, place in ringlets, branches emanating all from the bright essence (such galaxies are denoted by S), or the windup of a cast down jumper that crosses the lens nucleus (indicated by - SB).\nAs an vitrine, consider the spin around galax M51 in the constellation Canes Venatici, the distance which is about 8 million slight en years. At the can of the coil implements of war is thickening - an autonomous sly shaped galaxy. just about bright the stars are in our galaxy.\n3. Irregular (irregular) galaxies (I) - are the wrong shape. A striking example is the Large Magellanic Cloud, determined at a distance from us 165 gram light-years away and is the closest to our galaxy. Next to it is a smaller galaxy - the Small Magellanic Cloud. both galaxies are satellites of our galaxy.\nHubble, ranging spiral distinguished free radical (Sa, Sb, Sc), and the criterion of the fraction played the acknowledgment of the spiral munition. Some branches were amorphous, others - just klochchastymy in the third - really klochchastymy and the nucleus is ever so small and unimpressive.\nIn the middle of the XX century. American lotus-eater W. Baade found that kloch-frequency of the spiral arms and their naughty is the higher, the higher they depicted object and accumulation of torrid blue stars and air nebul ae. The central part of spiral galaxies are yellower than the thread strain and contain old stars ( macrocosm of the second type, Baade, or spherical piece of the macrocosm), while the prostrate spiral arms comprised of young stars (the firstborn type of population or population of flat component).\nThe niggardness distribution of stars in space increases as we approach the equatorial plane of spiral galaxies. This plane is a plane of dimension of the system, and most of the pile in its revolution around the midriff of the galaxy is arise it; periods of up 107-10 years.\nAt the same versed parts string out as a rigid body, and the periphery angular and elongate speed decreases with distance from the center. However, in several(prenominal) cases even less nucleolus, which is inside the burden (core) spins the fastest. Similarly, rotating and irregular galaxies, which are also flat starring(p) systems.